lipu lon

lipu lon li lipu pi sona nanpa li lon sona pi alasa lon; kin la, jan li pali e ni lon nasin pali pi jan Pu, lon pali nanpa pi jan Pu, lon nasin toki pi toki lon. taso la, lipu lon li ken pana e ni: toki lon li lon kiwen (lon pi nanpa ante ale).

ilo

lipu lon li ken lon e sama lon mute. o lukin e lipu ni:

$(p\rightarrow q)\equiv (\neg p\vee q)$
$p$	$q$	$\neg p$	$\neg p\vee q$	$p\rightarrow q$
L	L	A	L	L
L	A	A	A	A
A	L	L	L	L
A	A	L	L	L

ni li pana la, lon pi toki $p\rightarrow q$ li seme lon pi toki $\neg p\vee q$ .

lipu lon pi ilo lupa lon

anpa ni la, lipu lon li pana e kon pi ilo lupa lon 6. ni li jo e nanpa nimi pi jan Pu ni: nimi P en nimi Q:

$P$	$Q$	$P\land Q$	$P\vee Q$	$P\uparrow Q$	$P\downarrow Q$	$P\nleftrightarrow Q$	$P\leftrightarrow Q$
L	L	L	L	A	A	A	L
L	A	A	L	L	A	L	A
A	L	A	L	L	A	L	A
A	A	A	A	L	L	A	L
nimi (pali lon)		pali AND (wan lon)	pali OR (tu lon)	pali NAND (wan ala lon)	pali NOR (tu ala lon)	pali XOR (sama ala lon)	pali XNOR (sama lon)
tan L li lon tan A li ala

lipu lon lili pi ni: pali pi ijo tu

pali pi ijo tu la, jan li kepeken e lipu lon. nasin pali pi jan Pu la, ni li seme ni:

∧	T	F
T	L	A
F	A	A

∨	T	F
T	L	L
F	L	A

pali li ante ijo la, sitelen ni li pona.

nasin pi sitelen lipu

lipu soto la, ni li lon nimi. jan ante li jo nasin ante pi wan lipu.

nasin pi ante lon

jan Li Asi lon tomo sona Landa li pana e nasin ni:

nasin pi sitelen la, o sitelen e lon nimi (nanpa ni li sama nanpa toki).
n li nanpa pi lon nimi la, nanpa palisa li 2ⁿ (lon nimi tu wan la, 2³ = 8).
open la, o sitelen ante lon teje pi lon nimi e L e A.
tenpo poka la, o ante soto o sitelen ante e L tu e A tu.
tenpo poka tawa pini la, o ante soto o sin sitelen ante e L sin pi mute tu e A sin pi mute tu.

asin ni la, lipu lon anpa li pana e $P \to (Q \lor R \to (R \to \neg P))$ . jan Sitipen Ko Kilin li pali e ni:

$P$	$Q$	$R$	$P\rightarrow (Q\vee R\rightarrow (R\rightarrow \neg P))$
L	L	L	A
L	L	A	L
L	A	L	A
L	A	A	L
A	L	L	L
A	L	A	L
A	A	L	L
A	A	A	L

suli pi lipu lon

nanpa pi lon nimi li n la, nanpa pi lon ken li 2ⁿ. lon nimi ante la, pali li ken jo e lon e ala. nanpa pi lon nimi li n la, nanpa pi pali ken li 2^2ⁿ. ni li pali pi sewi tu nanpa.

n	2ⁿ	2^2ⁿ
0	1	2
1	2	4
2	4	16
3	8	256
4	16	65,536
5	32	4,294,967,296	≈ 4.3×10⁹
6	64	18,446,744,073,709,551,616	≈ 1.8×10¹⁹
7	128	340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456	≈ 3.4×10³⁸
8	256	115,792,089,237,316,195,423,570,985,008,687,907,853,269,984,665,640,564,039,457,584,007,913,129,639,936	≈ 1.2×10⁷⁷

lipu lon pi lon nimi tu wan anu mute la, ijo li ken lili pana e ni.

lipu pali

lipu lon li pana e pali lon la, ni li ken pona. ni li ken toki e lipu pali tan ni: ijo li ante e lipu lon. sama la, lon nimi G li ken kepeken e pali XOR, li ala e lon nimi X. ante la, lon nimi G li ala a, pana li lon nimi X; kin la, lon nimi G li lon la, pana li ${\textstyle \neg X}$ . lipu pali ni li ni:

$G$	$G\nleftrightarrow X$
A	$X$
L	$\neg X$

kin la, ilo wan pi mute li wan e 4 tawa 1 li kepeken e pana insa $S_{0}$ , e pana insa $S_{1}$ , e pana sona A, e pana sona B, e pana sona C, e pana sona D, e pana weka Z (o lukin e sitelen). ona li jo e lipu pali ni:

$S_{1}$	$S_{0}$	Z
A	A	A
A	L	B
L	A	C
L	L	D

lipu lon pi pali palisa

lipu suli

nil la, lipu suli li pana e kon pi pali ken. pali lon 16 ni li jo e nanpa nimi pi jan Pu ni: nimi p en nimi q:

$p$	$q$	$\bot$	$p\downarrow q$	$p\nleftarrow q$	$\neg p$	$p\nrightarrow q$	$\neg q$	$p\nleftrightarrow q$	$p\uparrow q$	$p\land q$	$p\leftrightarrow q$	$q$	$p\rightarrow q$	$p$	$p\leftarrow q$	$p\vee q$	$\top$
L	L	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	L	L	L	L	L	L	L	L
L	A	A	A	A	A	L	L	L	L	A	A	A	A	L	L	L	L
A	L	A	A	L	L	A	A	L	L	A	A	L	L	A	A	L	L
A	A	A	L	A	L	A	L	A	L	A	L	A	L	A	L	A	L

Com		✔	✔					✔	✔	✔	✔					✔	✔
Assoc		✔						✔		✔	✔	✔		✔		✔	✔
Adj		$\bot$	$p\downarrow q$	$p\nrightarrow q$	$\neg q$	$p\nleftarrow q$	$\neg p$	$p\nleftrightarrow q$	$p\uparrow q$	$p\land q$	$p\leftrightarrow q$	$p$	$p\leftarrow q$	$q$	$p\rightarrow q$	$p\vee q$	$\top$
Neg		$\top$	$p\vee q$	$p\leftarrow q$	$p$	$p\rightarrow q$	$q$	$p\leftrightarrow q$	$p\land q$	$p\uparrow q$	$p\nleftrightarrow q$	$\neg q$	$p\nrightarrow q$	$\neg p$	$p\nleftarrow q$	$p\downarrow q$	$\bot$
Dual		$\top$	$p\uparrow q$	$p\rightarrow q$	$\neg p$	$p\leftarrow q$	$\neg q$	$p\leftrightarrow q$	$p\downarrow q$	$p\vee q$	$p\nleftrightarrow q$	$q$	$p\nleftarrow q$	$p$	$p\nrightarrow q$	$p\land q$	$\bot$
L id				A				A		L	L	L, A	L			A
R id						A		A		L	L			L, A	L	A