kulupu Olimeka
tenpo mute pini la kulupu Olimeka li kulupu jan pi ma Mesomelika. ona li lon poka pi telo suli Mesiko la, ona li lon ma Tapako, lon ma Pelaku. ona li kama lon poka pi tenpo sike nanpa 1200 BCE li weka lon poka pi tenpo sike nanpa 400 BCE. tenpo ni la, ona li kulupu tomo nanpa wan pi ma Amelika lete. ma tomo ona pi suli nanpa wan li ma tomo San Lolenso Tenosilan (toki Epanja la: San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán), li ma tomo La Penta (toki Epanja la: La Venta), li ma tomo Te Sapote (toki Epanja la: Tres Zapotes).[1]
kulupu Olimeka li suli la, nasin ona li ante e nasin pi kulupu ante lon ma Mesomelika. ona li pali e sitelen kiwen, li mama e musi pi sike ko, li pana e telo loje ona tawa sewi. ijo ale ni li kipisi suli lon nasin kulupu pi kulupu jan pi ma Mesomelika.
tenpo lon
[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]tenpo sike nanpa 1600 BCE en tenpo sike nanpa 1500 BCE la, kulupu Olimeka li kama lon.[2] ma majuna ona wan li ma Manati (toki Epanja la: El Manatí). ma ni li jo e ijo musi pi kiwen kasi. ken la, jan Olimeka li pana sewi lon ni.
tenpo sike nanpa 1200 BCE la, kulupu Olimeka li pali e ma tomo ona nanpa wan. ma tomo ni li ma tomo San Lolenso Tenosilan (toki Epanja la: San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán). ma tomo ni li lon poka telo linja Kowasakowako (toki Nawa la: Coatzacoalcos) lon ma Pelaku. ni la, jan li ken pali pona e kasi, la jan mute li ken moku e pan. ma ni la, ona li pali e sitelen kiwen mute, la ona li pali e lawa kiwen suli, li supa lawa kiwen, li ijo musi lili. jan li weka tan ma tomo San Lolenso lon poka pi tenpo sike nanpa 900 BCE.[3]
ma tomo San Lolenso li pini la, ma tomo La Penta (toki Epanja la: La Venta) li kama suli.[4] ma tomo ni li suli nanpa wan pi kulupu Olimeka. kulupu jan ona li pali e tomo suli kepeken ko ma. tomo ni li jo e sinpin tu tu. sijelo sinpin li jo e linja tu wan. tomo sama ni lon ma Mesomelika la, tomo ni li tomo majuna nanpa wan. jan pi tenpo lon li len ala e ijo ante kin lon ma ni. ijo ni li lawa kiwen suli, li supa lawa kiwen, li sitelen kiwen laso. pilin pi jan sona la, ma La Penta li ken jo e jan wan ale mute mute mute mute ale[nnp] lon tenpo suli ona.[5] jan li weka tan ma ni lon poka pi tenpo sike nanpa 400 BCE.[4]
poka pi tenpo sike nanpa 1000 BCE la, ma tomo Te Sapote (toki Epanja la: Tres Zapotes) li kama lon poka pi telo linja Papalowapan (toki Nawa la: Papaloapan, "telo linja pi pipi kule").[6] jan ona li pali e tomo pi ma ko, e lawa kiwen kin. jan li kama jo e kiwen tan kulupu nena Tusula (toki Epanja la: Sierra de los Tuxtlas). poka pi tenpo sike nanpa 400 BCE la, kulupu Olimeka li weka. taso, kulupu jan li awen lon ma Te Sapote, la ona li ante e nasin ona, li kama kulupu Epi-Olimeka.[7] jan li weka tan ma Te Sapote lon poka pi tenpo sike nanpa 900 CE.[7]
ijo musi
[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]jan Olimeka li pali e sitelen kiwen mute. ona li pali e sinpin sitelen, e supa sewi e lawa kiwen suli. kin, ona li pali e ilo, e jan kiwen lili, e namako kiwen. jan Olimeka li pali e ijo lili mute kepeken kiwen laso. ona li kama jo e kiwen laso tan kulupu nena Sijela Te La Mina (toki Epanja la: Sierra de las Minas, "kulupu nena pi lupa mute") lon ma Watemala, anu tan ma Wakaka. ijo musi ona la, ona li sitelen e jan soweli. jan soweli ni li jan lili, li lukin sama soweli Pantela Onka.[8]
ijo musi la, ijo wawa nanpa wan pi kulupu Olimeka li lawa kiwen suli. sitelen kiwen ni li sitelen e sinpin pi jan lawa. jan Olimeka li pali e sitelen kiwen kepeken kiwen tan nena ma seli.[8]
_-_Gulf_-_National_Museum_of_Antropology_-_Mexico_2024.jpg)
tan sona
[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]- ↑ jan Mary E. Pye, en jan John E. Clark (2000). "8–17". Introducing Olmec Archaeology (lon toki Inli). Studies in the History of Art. 58. lukin lipu li lon tenpo 2026-04-07.
- ↑ jan Richard A. Diehl (2004). "25". The Olmecs: America's First Civilization (lon toki Inli). Ancient peoples and places. Thames & Hudson.
- ↑ jan Richard A. Diehl (2004). "58-59". The Olmecs: America's First Civilization (lon toki Inli). Ancient peoples and places. Thames & Hudson.
- 1 2 jan Richard A. Diehl (2004). "9". The Olmecs: America's First Civilization (lon toki Inli). Ancient peoples and places. Thames & Hudson.
- ↑ jan Robert F. Heizer (1968). "9-37". New Observations on La Venta. Dumbarton Oaks Conference on the Olmec, October 28 and 29th, 1967 tan jan Elizabeth P. Benson. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Trustees for Harvard University. linja sama li tan tenpo 2006-08-22.
- ↑ jan Richard A. Diehl (2004). "182". The Olmecs: America's First Civilization (lon toki Inli). Ancient peoples and places. Thames & Hudson.
- 1 2 jan Christopher A. Pool (2007). "250". Olmec Archaeology and Early Mesoamerica (lon toki Inli). Cambridge World Archaeology. Cambridge University Press.
- 1 2 jan Michael D. Coe (1994). Mexico: from the Olmecs to the Aztecs (lon toki Inli). Ancient peoples and places. Thames and Hudson. 4th ed., fully rev. and expanded.